Business Organizations Knowledge Model

Overview

The Business Organizations Knowledge Model (display name: Business Organizations EN v#) aims at extracting economic and financial entities in a variety of textual genres, such as articles, technical analyses, reports, and social media posts.

The model extracts:

Companies
Organizations
Economic groups

The model focuses on providing the end-user with basic information about the financial institutions mentioned within a text, while leveraging on the context provided by the text.

Extraction groups and classes

BANKING_INSTITUTION

The BANKING_INSTITUTION group correspond to financial institutions whose activities generally involve various types of lending, such as corporate finance, housing, project finance, retail, short-term finance, small-medium enterprises, trade, and others.

The group has the following classes:

CENTRAL_BANK: financial institutions responsible for the oversight and management of all other banks.
Example: The war in Ukraine and the associated increase in energy prices had created additional uncertainty", the Reserve Bank said in the release on Tuesday.
BANK: banking institutions that deal with retail and corporate customers.
Example:
Despite some hesitancy, Wells Fargo has specifically announced that it will "reserve the right to add additional accounts that are eligible" to the RTP Service.
CREDIT_UNION: member-owned financial cooperatives that operate on a not-for-profit basis.
Example:
For nearly 90 years, First Alliance Credit Union has been offering an alternative choice to traditional banking to the people of Rochester and surrounding areas.
PUBLICLY_LISTED_COMPANY: valued yes for companies whose ownership is organized via shares of stock intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange.

RATING_AGENCY

The RATING_AGENCY group correspond to companies that assign credit ratings to borrowers with respect to a particular debt or financial obligation, or in terms of sustainability rating certifying the solidity of a company from the point of view of environmental, social and governance performance.

The group has the following classes:

RA: the agency name.
Example:
Syracuse Mayor Ben Walsh announced Fitch Ratings upgraded its bond rating for the City of Syracuse to A+.
PUBLICLY_LISTED_COMPANY: valued yes for companies whose ownership is organized via shares of stock intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange.

PAYMENT_SERVICE_PROVIDER

The PAYMENT_SERVICE_PROVIDER group corresponds to third-party companies that assist businesses to accept a wide range of online payment methods, such as online banking, credit cards, debit cards, e-wallets, cash cards, and more.

The group has the following classes:

PSP: provider name.
Example: Apple Pay is easy and works with the Apple devices you use every day.
PUBLICLY_LISTED_COMPANY: valued yes for companies whose ownership is organized via shares of stock intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange.

CONTRACTUAL_INSTITUTION

The CONTRACTUAL_INSTITUTION group corresponds to financial institutions with long-term liabilities and stable cash flows. They include national provident funds, life insurance companies, private pension funds, and funded social pension insurance systems.

Its classes are:

INSURANCE_COMPANY: financial intermediaries which offer direct insurance or reinsurance services, providing financial protection from possible hazards in the future.
Example:
MetLife, Inc. announced today the launch of its new Structured Installment Sale solution, available through its subsidiary, Metropolitan Tower Life Insurance Company.
PENSION_FUND: financial intermediaries offering social insurance by providing income following retirement.
Example: New York State Comptroller Thomas P. DiNapoli has directed staff to prohibit all new investments in Russian companies and to review the New York State Common Retirement Fund's (Fund) current investments and assess whether they present financial risks that warrant further restrictions or divestment.
PUBLICLY_LISTED_COMPANY: valued yes for companies whose ownership is organized via shares of stock intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange.

BROKERAGE_INSTITUTION

The BROKERAGE_INSTITUTION group corresponds to financial institutions that act as a middleman in connecting buyers and sellers to facilitate a transaction.

Its classes are:

BROKERAGE_FIRM: the firm name:
Example: Based in Manning, Alta., Stone Insurance Brokers services clients across northern Alberta and British Columbia, specializing in forestry, farming, transportation and oil and gas.
PUBLICLY_LISTED_COMPANY: valued yes for companies whose ownership is organized via shares of stock intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange.

INTERNATIONAL_FINANCIAL_INSTITUTION

The INTERNATIONAL_FINANCIAL_INSTITUTION group corresponds to financial institutions that have been chartered by more than one country and are subject to international law.

IFI: institution name.
Example: On March 24 of this year, the Ministry of Economic Development and Poverty Reduction hosted a meeting of Deputy Prime Minister - Minister of Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Jamshid Kuchkarov with representatives of the International Finance Corporation headed by IFC Senior Vice President Stephanie von Friedeburg.
PUBLICLY_LISTED_COMPANY: valued yes for companies whose ownership is organized via shares of stock intended to be freely traded on a stock exchange.

Output structure

The model output has the same structure as any other model and is affected by the functional properties of the workflow block.
The peculiar part of the output is the result of extraction, i.e. the extractions array.

Example

In this model's output, the template key corresponds to the concept of group and template fields correspond to classes.
Considering the following text:

Moody's considers Alleghany upgrade on Berkshire takeover
Moody's has placed its ratings for Alleghany Corporation under review for upgrade following the announcement that Berkshire Hathaway will acquire all outstanding Alleghany shares for approximately $11.6 billion in cash.
Moody's said the review for upgrade of Alleghany's ratings will focus on the company's prospective business strategy and capital adequacy as well as the level of implicit and explicit support it receives from Berkshire.
Under the terms of the acquisition, Alleghany will continue to operate as an independent subsidiary of Berkshire.
However, its expected that Alleghany's overall credit profile will benefit from being part of a much larger, diversified organization, with substantial capital resources and financial flexibility.
Rating agency AM Best similarly issued commentary yesterday agreeing that Alleghany will likely benefit from Berkshire's financial resources and flexibility, although it added no immediate changes were expected for Alleghany's credit ratings.
Moody's explained that Alleghany's current ratings reflect the group's "strong competitive position as a leading global reinsurer in the broker-market and in the primary US excess and surplus markets, well diversified product lines, strong capital adequacy, conservative financial leverage and very good holding company liquidity".
However, it stipulated that these strengths are tempered by the group's "significant exposure to natural and manmade catastrophes as well as potential reserve volatility given its sizable presence in medium to long-tail casualty lines and earnings volatility from catastrophe losses".
Nevertheless, ratings could experience an upgrade if the transaction with Berkshire proceeds and Alleghany maintains strong capitalisation, analysts said.
The transaction is currently expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2022, pending regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions.

the extraction is:

"extractions": [
    {
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "INSURANCE_COMPANY",
                "positions": [...],
                "value": "Berkshire Hathaway"
            },
            {
                "name": "PUBLICLY_LISTED_COMPANY",
                "positions": [
                    {
                        "end": 190,
                        "start": 172
                    }
                ],
                "value": "yes"
            }
        ],
        "namespace": "organizations_en",
        "template": "CONTRACTUAL_INSTITUTION"
    },
    {
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "INSURANCE_COMPANY",
                "positions": [...],
                "value": "Alleghany Corporation"
            },
            {
                "name": "PUBLICLY_LISTED_COMPANY",
                "positions": [
                    {
                        "end": 114,
                        "start": 93
                    }
                ],
                "value": "yes"
            }
        ],
        "namespace": "organizations_en",
        "template": "CONTRACTUAL_INSTITUTION"
    },
    {
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "RA",
                "positions": [...],
                "value": "Moody's"
            }
        ],
        "namespace": "organizations_en",
        "template": "RATING_AGENCY"
    },
    {
        "fields": [
            {
                "name": "RA",
                "positions": [
                    {
                        "end": 830,
                        "start": 823
                    }
                ],
                "value": "AM Best"
            }
        ],
        "namespace": "organizations_en",
        "template": "RATING_AGENCY"
    }
]